How to Pray at a Japanese Shrine: Guide by a Shinto Priest

Visiting a shrine is a highlight of any trip to Japan, but let’s be honest: the etiquette can be confusing.
You want to show respect, but you aren’t sure how.

To clear up the confusion once and for all, we went straight to the source. We didn’t just look it up but we asked an expert to demonstrate.

We visited Yushima Tenmangu (Yushima Tenjin) in Tokyo to ask a Shinto priest : Mr Sarumaru the most common question travelers have: “How do I pray at a Japanese shrine correctly?”

Here is the general etiquette, demonstrated by the priest himself.

At the Torii Gate: Bowing Before Entering

The Torii gate is more than just a photo spot. It marks the boundary between the everyday world and the sacred ground.

The Sarumaru’s Advice: Before walking through, stop and bow once. This simple act signifies respect for the deity. Also, when walking along the approach (Sando), try to walk slightly to the side. The center of the path, called Seichu, is traditionally reserved for the gods.

The Temizuya: Purifying Body and Mind

Before approaching the main hall, you will see a water pavilion called the Temizuya. This is where you cleanse your hands and mouth. It’s a symbolic act of washing away impurities before standing in front of the deity.

Quick Steps:

1. Rinse your left hand.

2. Rinse your right hand.

3. Pour water into your left hand to rinse your mouth.

4. Rinse your left hand again.

5. Tilt the ladle to rinse the handle (if using one).

How to Pray: “2 Bows, 2 Claps, 1 Bow”

This is the most important ritual at the main hall (Haiden). After putting your offering in the box (Saisen-bako) and ringing the bell (if there is one), follow this sequence.

*These are general guidelines. Etiquette may differ at some shrines.

The Sequence:

• 2 Bows: Bow deeply twice.

• Claps: Clap your hands twice.

• Prayer: Keep your hands together and pray silently.

• Bow: Bow deeply one last time.

A Detail You Might Miss: When you clap, try sliding your right hand slightly downwards before bringing them together. This creates a crisp, clear sound—a sound believed to reach the deity.

Experience Authentic Shinto Culture

Today, shrines are often featured in guidebooks as must-see tourist attractions. However, it is important to remember that they are active religious sites – sacred spaces of worship, much like a church or a cathedral.

Of course, the most essential element of prayer is not the perfection of your form, but the sincerity of your heart. The gods value your feelings above all else.

Yet, by making the effort to follow these traditional steps, you do more than just observe. You step out of the role of a spectator and immerse yourself in the authentic Japanese culture. Please try these rituals and feel the difference on your next visit.

In cooperation with Yushima Tenmangu